Monday, November 2, 2026 - Uganda has officially begun withdrawing its troops from Somalia after nearly two decades of military involvement in the fight against Al-Shabaab militants. The Uganda People's Defence Forces (UPDF) confirmed on November 2, 2026, that the first group of soldiers had already returned home, marking the beginning of a phased military exit.
The withdrawal is expected to be completed by the end of 2027, bringing an end to Uganda's long-standing contribution to African Union security operations in Somalia. The development raises fresh questions about the future of security in the Horn of Africa.
The decision comes at a critical time as Al-Shabaab continues to threaten government forces and civilian communities across Somalia. Uganda has been one of the leading contributors to the African Union Support and Stabilization Mission in Somalia (AUSSOM), with approximately 4,500 Ugandan troops serving under the mission, according to Reuters.
Security officials have warned that a sudden reduction in foreign military support could leave vulnerable areas exposed to renewed militant attacks. The withdrawal also comes amid financial challenges facing the African Union mission and the closure of the United Nations' political mission in Somalia.
The transition now places greater responsibility on Somalia's national security forces to defend territory, protect civilians and maintain stability without Uganda's long-standing military presence. While Kampala describes the withdrawal as an opportunity for Somali forces to assume greater responsibility, the timing has raised concerns among regional security observers.
The coming months will be crucial in determining whether Somali forces can manage the transition while containing Al-Shabaab's activities. For East Africa, the development could have wider security implications, making regional cooperation, sustainable military funding and stronger local security institutions increasingly important.
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